What do the stages of prostate cancer mean?

Prostate Most cancers Levels

Stage of Prostate Most cancers
PSA Degree
What It Means 

Stage 1
Lower than 10
Most cancers is simply within the prostate, and the tumor is often small.

Stage 2
10-19
Most cancers is within the prostate, and the tumor is bigger than stage 1.

Stage 3
20 or above
Most cancers cells have unfold past the prostate to close by tissues.

Stage 4
Any worth
Most cancers has unfold to farther areas of the physique, such because the bones, liver, or lungs.

Stage 1 is the earliest stage of prostate most cancers, when most cancers cells are solely within the prostate. There is no such thing as a lymph node involvement or metastasis. 

Signs: Stage 1 prostate most cancers would not often trigger signs.

Outlook: Many circumstances of prostate most cancers are slow-growing and stay in stage 1 for years. The purpose of therapy for stage 1 prostate most cancers is to treatment the most cancers and obtain remission (a interval with no indicators or signs of most cancers). Your physician could advocate surgical procedure. 

Stage 2 most cancers cells are solely within the prostate, and the tumor is bigger than in stage 1. A healthcare supplier can often really feel a stage 2 tumor throughout a digital rectal examination. There is no such thing as a lymph node involvement or metastasis.

Stage 2 prostate most cancers contains the next subtypes:

Stage 2A: The most cancers is confined to the prostate gland or has been eliminated by surgical procedure. The PSA rating is not less than 10 however lower than 20.Stage 2B: The most cancers has unfold all through the prostate gland however not past it.Stage 2C: The most cancers has unfold exterior the prostate gland however has not reached close by lymph nodes.

Signs: Doable signs of stage 2 prostate most cancers embrace issue urinating and blood within the semen or urine.

Outlook: Stage 2 prostate most cancers is treatable. Your physician could advocate surgical procedure and radiation remedy to take away the tumor or your complete prostate gland and be sure that all most cancers cells have been destroyed. The five-year survival price for localized prostate most cancers (stage 1 or 2) is over 99%. 

Stage 3 prostate most cancers has unfold exterior of the prostate to close by tissues, together with the seminal vesicles, urethral sphincter, rectum, bladder, or different pelvic areas. It contains the next substages:

Stage 3A: The most cancers has unfold all through the prostate gland however has not unfold past it. The PSA stage is not less than 20. Stage 3B: The most cancers has unfold exterior of the prostate gland however has not reached the lymph nodes. The PSA might be any worth. Stage 3C: This substage is much like stage 3B. The most cancers has unfold to different areas of the physique however has not reached the lymph nodes. The PSA might be any worth. 

Signs: Doable signs of stage 3 prostate most cancers embrace issues urinating, blood in your urine or semen, erectile dysfunction, and ache.

Outlook: Remedy choices for stage 3 prostate most cancers could embrace surgical procedure, radiation remedy, and hormone remedy. The 5-year survival price for regional unfold prostate most cancers (stage 3) is over 99%.

Stage 4—additionally known as metastatic prostate most cancers—is probably the most superior type of prostate most cancers. It contains the next substages:

Stage 4A: The most cancers has unfold to tissues close to the prostate and the lymph nodes. The PSA stage might be any worth. Stage 4B: The most cancers has unfold to the lymph nodes and distant areas of your physique, such because the bones, liver, or lungs. 

Signs: Primarily based on the place the most cancers has unfold, signs could embrace erectile dysfunction, hip or again ache, weak spot or numbness in your legs and toes, weight reduction, and fatigue. 

Outlook: Stage 4 prostate most cancers just isn’t curable, however therapy choices can be found to assist scale back ache and enhance high quality of life. Doable therapy choices embrace surgical procedure, hormonal remedy, and bone remedies. The 5-year survival price for metastatic prostate most cancers is 37%.

Remedy choices to assist cease or gradual the development of prostate most cancers could embrace:

Energetic surveillance: In circumstances of prostate most cancers which can be small and unlikely to develop or unfold, your physician could advocate monitoring the tumor till it begins to develop.
Surgical procedure: Folks with early-stage prostate most cancers could profit from surgical procedure to take away the cancerous tumor. When you’ve got a extra aggressive sort of prostate most cancers, your physician could advocate surgical procedure to take away the prostate gland and surrounding lymph nodes. 
Radiation remedy: Your physician could advocate radiation remedy to shrink the tumor earlier than surgical procedure or to destroy any remaining most cancers cells after surgical procedure. 
Hormone remedy: For extra superior phases, your supplier could advocate hormone remedy along with radiation remedy.
Chemotherapy: Your supplier could advocate chemotherapy with different remedies in case your prostate most cancers is superior or has metastasized.
Way of life elements: Bodily exercise, a food regimen wealthy in vitamins, and avoiding smoking could decrease the chance of loss of life from prostate most cancers.

All through your therapy, you’ll probably have common conferences along with your healthcare workforce. These appointments could embrace bodily exams, imaging assessments, blood assessments, and coverings. Your supplier may advocate getting emotional help from a therapist or a most cancers help group.

Prostate most cancers could have an effect on your sexual well being and performance. Superior prostate most cancers could have an effect on your capacity to manage your bladder and bowels. Your healthcare workforce can assist you study to handle these signs.

Prostate most cancers has 4 phases. Stage 1 is curable with surgical procedure to take away the tumor or prostate gland. Stage 2 most cancers has unfold all through the prostate gland. Stage 3 prostate most cancers has unfold to close by tissues, and stage 4 prostate most cancers has unfold to the lymph nodes and distant areas of the physique.